THE DEVONSHIRE FAMILY TREE

There is a significant error on FamilySearch.com in the first two Devonshire families. The dates and names don’t make sense. In Family Search, Thomas was born in 1642 and had children in 1650. It seems more likely that Thomas was the firstborn, followed by Samuel and siblings who all died in childhood. The last was Daniel, born in 1656.
There was then a 12-year gap in children when Thomas (1664-1741) was born. It seems unlikely that Francis would name two children Thomas. Francis and his wife Mary would have been 44 when the second Thomas was born and 47 when Guilielmus and William were born (twins), which is unlikely.
As a result, I adjusted the family tree.

A. Francis Devonshire (or Devonish) (1620 London) m. Mary (1620)
1. Thomas Devonshire (1642- ) m Mary Shory (1630)
2. Samuel (1650-) m Hannah Applebee (1675 Middlesex – 1717)
3. ? male (1650 Twin died at birth?)
4. Elizabeth (1651- died at birth?)
5. John (1652 – 1664 London)
6. Jeremiah (1654 – 56)
7. Daniel (1656 – 1656)

B. 1. Thomas Devonshire (1642- Christening: February 1642, St. Andrew, Holborn, London) m Mary Shory (1630 London – April 18, 1693 London)
1. Thomas Devonshire (Oct 10, 1664-1741)
2. Guilielmus (Jan 8, 1667, Saint Martin In The Fields, Westminster, London – 1667) 
3. William (1667-1667 twin who died?)
Interestingly, Thomas names his twins (who died at birth or shortly after) the same name – Guillelmus is Spanish for William. I have taken this to infer that he was referring to his Spanish Sephardic Jewish roots. Being a Jew in England was only legal after 1656. 

C. 1. Thomas Devonshire (Oct 10, 1664, London. Christening: 20 Oct, 1664 St Clement Danes, Westminster, Middlesex – April 9, 1741, Truro) m Mary Archer (1663 Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire, England – Sept 1700 Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire, England)
1. Jesper (Feb 15, 1684 – Feb 22, 1684)
2. James (1687 Hertingfordbury, Hertford)
3. Israel Josiah (1688-1755)
4. Edward (Nov 1689 London – Nov 14, 1777)
5. William Frederick (Nov 3, 1689, Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire – Apr 15, 1735, Ireland) m Davida Constance Stuart (1700 – died? Ireland). – had one daughter, Hannah Devonshire McCurry (1721 – 1810), m Alexander Blain (May 8, 1712, Ulster, Ireland – Mar 10, 1806, Kentucky). There are many Blain relatives in the US
6. Mary (Feb 16 – Mar 6, 1691)
7. Elizabeth (1692 Hertingfordbury, Hertford)
8. Thomas (1706 St. Giles Cripplegate – )

D. 3. Israel Josiah (1688 Whitechapel, London – Nov 1755 Whitechapel) m Joyce Williams (Oct 1695 Martley, Worcester -?). Lived in Mile End Old Town in the early 18th century. He had a registered insurance policy dated June 28, 1825. 
1. Jane (Christened May 7, 1716, St. Mary Whitechapel, Stepney, London). The first twin died.  
2. George (Christened May 7, 1716, St. Mary Whitechapel, Stepney, London, Baptism Nov 8, 1721, Middlesex – )
3. Israel (Christening: Oct 12, 1723, Saint Dunstan, Stepney, London) m Francis Bussel (1725 Kent, Kent). Naval Sailor and Privateer. Commander of the Saint George 1756-57?? The “Saint George” was a 440-ton vessel with a crew of 240. St Dunstan is an Anglican church located in Stepney High Street, Stepney, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.
The church is known as “The Mother Church of the East End” as the parish covered most of what would become inner East London, before population growth led to the creation of a large number of daughter parishes like Whitechapel.
Stepney’s close historic links to seaborne trade have led to the church being known as the Church of the High Seas for registration of births at sea. Many sailors were buried here
   – Rebecca Devonshire (July 7, 1749, Strood, Kent. Christening July 4, 1749, Strood, Kent. Nov 1821 Threadneedle Street, London. Burial Nov 18, 1821, Bunhill Fields, London) m Israel Devonshire (1748 Clerkenwell – Sept 1804 London). They had 10 children, three of whom had descendants.
4. Thomas Devonshire (1725-1802)
5. Joyce (Christening July 7, 1728, Saint Dunstan and All Saints Church, Stepney, London – Feb 10, 1729, Stepney, London)

E. 4. Thomas Devonshire (Oct 25, 1725, Mile End Old Town, Middx., London. Christening: Nov 11, 1725, Saint Dunstan, Stepney, London – Jan 9, 1802, St. Giles, Cripplegate, London) m Martha (Mary) Richardson (Oct 3, 1722 Whitechapel St Mark, Middlesex – Sept 28 1770 St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London
“Goldsmith. Free by Redemption On City Freedom papers “Petitioner was duly bound as an apprentice according to the Custom of this City to Jeremiah Lee Cit. & Goldsmith (a working goldsmith by trade) for seven years by indentures dated 6 May 1742 and duly served him till November 1747 being about five years and an half when his said Master failed in his credit and went abroad and left him destitute of a Master that having received a message from this said Master informing him that his affairs were soon likely to be made up and he return to his business and desired him not to engage himself he was not turned over to any other Master and said Lee never returned but dyed beyond the Sea. That, wanting to complete his time for one and a half years, he cannot obtain his Freedom of this City by his said service. He therefore prayed to be admitted by Redemption on a small fine.”
Many of the Devonshires were silversmiths, goldsmiths, spoon makers, and allied trades. They were members of the Goldsmith’s Company, and there are still known examples of their work coming up for sale at auction (mainly Devonshire & Watkins of Paternoster Row, c.1750s—60s).
1. Ann Devonshire (Dec 12, 1746 – Dec 1, 1747, Jerusalem Passage, Clerkenwell)
2. Jane Devonshire (Mar 3, 1747, St James, Clerkenwell. Christening Mar 13, 1748, Saint James, Clerkenwell. – Dec 1, 1747, Jerusalem Passage, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, London). Note that Jane was born three months before Ann, and both died on the same day: Ann at 11+ months, and Jane at 8 months old.
3. Israel Devonshire (1748 Clerkenwell – Sept 1804 London) m Rebecca Devonshire 1767 (July 7, 1749, Strood, Kent. Christening July 4, 1749, Strood, Kent – Nov 1821 Thread needle Street, London. Burial Nov 18, 1821, Bunhill Fields, London). Note that this is repeated from above – Rebecca was his cousin, the daughter of Israel Devonshire above.
4. Thomas (Aug 1, 1750 – 1751, Clerkenwell Close, Clerkenwell, London).
5. Francis Devonshire (Apr 25, 1752, Christening May 13, 1752, Saint James, Clerkenwell, London) m John Ellis (Apr 23, 1762, Birmingham, Christening Apr 23, 1762, Saint Martin, Birmingham. Residence 1841 Union Street, Birmingham – d.?). They had 10 children.
6. John Devonshire (1753-1828)
7. Thomas Devonshire (Oct 16, 1757, St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London. Christening Oct 30, 1757, St. Vedast Foster Lane and St. Michael Le Querne, London – 1786)
8. Joseph Devonshire (Aug 10, 1761, St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London. Christening Aug 17, 1761 – 1836 Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire).

F. 6. John Devonshire (Aug 31, 1753, Clerkenwell, London. Christening Sept 16, 1753, Saint James, Clerkenwell, London – Nov 1828 St. Andrew, Holborn, London. Burial Nov 23, 1828 Islington, London) m Sarah Critchfield
1. Abraham Devonshire (1784, London, d ?) m Margaret Godley Wilson (1782-1839)
2. Sarah (Oct 18, 1786. Christening: Dec 5, 1786; Oct 18, 1786, Tabernacle, Ind. St. Luke, Finsbury, London,
3. Rebecca (Jul 4, 1788. Christening, August 25, 1788, Tabernacle, Indiana. St. Luke, Finsbury, London
4. Ann (May 28, 1791. Christening July 11, 1791, 28 May 1791, Southwark, London
5. David (about 1799 – April 14, 1829, Burial: Chatham, Kent) m Susanna Norton (Apr 25, 1804, Northamptonshire. Christening: August 4, 1805, Yelvertoft, Northamptonshire. Died: Jan 25, 1864, Petty Township, Lawrence, Illinois, United States. Burial Waggoner Cemetery, Southwest Township, Crawford, Illinois, United States
– Wickes Devonshire (Oct 27, 1825, London. Christening June 11, 1826, 27 October Saint Giles, Camberwell, London, England. D May 22, 1881 Petty Township, Lawrence, Illinois, United States) m Sarah A Watts (Jan 16, 1836, Indiana, d. Feb 24, 1872, 16 Petty Township, Lawrence, Illinois. Burial Waggoner Cemetery, Southwest Township, Crawford, Illinois,
– David Devonshire (Sept 24, 1827, London. Christening Jan 27, 1828, St Bride’s Church, Fleet Street, London – d 1908, Arkansas. Burial: Hopewell, Cleburne, Arkansas) m Amelia Daniels (Apr 19, 1945, Ohio, d. Feb 9, 1873, Illinois

G. 1. Abraham Devonshire (b June 17, 1784, London. Christening Jun 7, 1784, London – d ?) m Margaret Godley Wilson (1782. Christening Feb 17, 1782, St. Mary Whitechapel, Stepney, London – July 1839 Camberwell, Surrey)
1. Thomas Barker Devonshire (Apr 5, 1808. Christening May 15, 1808, Saint Luke Old Street, Finsbury, London
2. Edward Devonshire (1810-1861) m 1835, Harriet Boughton (1815-1894, Lambeth)
3. John (1811 Newington, Surrey)
4. Joseph Wilson (1812 Walworth, Surrey, d. May 19, 1872, Sussex) m. Sarah Strange (June 23, 1813, Dartford, Kent, d. May 8, 1897, Islington, London
5. Abraham (Aug 6, 1815, Newington, Surrey, d. 1860, Mile End) m. Ellen Platt (Dec 1811 Toxteth Park, Lancashire, d. 1869 Liverpool, Lancashire). Residence 1841 Clerkenwell St James, Middlesex. Residence 1851 Mile End Old Town, Middlesex. Occupation: Manager at East India Dock
– Constance Madeline Devonshire (Dec 23, 1843, Stepney, London, d 1866, Tunbridge Wells, Kent)
– Arthur Platt (Oct 7, 1845, Stepney, London. D. Jan 23, 1869, Reigate, Surrey)
– Ellen Florence (Dec 8, 1851, Stepney, d. Dec 1938, Croydon, Surrey) m. William Frederic Still (Staplehurst, Kent, d 1908 Klerksdorp, Transvaal, South Africa. Had five children, all died early, no descendants.
6. Sarah (Jul 7 07, 1817, Newington, Surrey. Christening Aug 13, 1817, Saint Mary, Newington, Surrey, d. 1852, Brixton, Surrey)
7. Charlotte Anne (May 7, 1819, Newington, Surrey. Christening Jun 13, 1819, Saint Mary, Newington, Surrey, d?)
8. Henry David (1821, Camberwell, Surrey)
9. Mary Barker (Aug 7, 1825, Saint Giles, Camberwell, London)

H. 2. Edward Devonshire (Apr 25, 1810, St Mary, Newington, Surrey. d. abt. 1861 Birmingham) m Jan 1, 1835, Harriet Boughton (b Mar 1815 Camberwell, Surrey. March 1815, St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, London. Christening Mar 5, 1815, d. June 1894, Lambeth, London,
Edward was a stockbroker. At the time of Adino’s birth, they lived at 10 Bradley Terrace, Wandsworth Road, Lambeth (St George’s Wharf). They had five sons and two daughters. In 1851, he lived in St. David’s, Breconshire, Wales, United Kingdom.
1. Edward Kensington Devonshire (June 7, 1838, baptized at the Church of St George in Camberwell on the 27th June 1838, d. Jan 1909, Lambeth) married Maria Elizabeth Schild (Jun 7, 1838, Camberwell, Surrey, married 1856 in St. Martin, London)
Residences: 1851 – Saint Mary Newington, Surrey; 1861 – Lambeth, London; 1891 Newington, London.
– John Christopher (Feb 21, 1857, Clapham, London; d. 1869, Islington, London)
– Aida Aileen Maria ( Oct 6, 1861 Kensington District, London; d. 1941 Brentford, Middlesex) m. Frank John Carter (1856, London (Exeter), 1894, London). Four children, Francis A, Violet R, Reginald and George William, all died at birth.
– Agnes Josephine (October 1863; d. 15 February 1869, Newington; Burial Hackney, Middlesex
– Edward Saville (06 May 1865, Kensington, Lambeth; d. 07 Jun 1865, Newington, Surrey)
– George Gathone (April 1867, Newington, London; d 6 February 1869, Newington)
– Alice Maude M (April 1871, Lambeth, Surrey; d. 05 Feb 1936, Birmingham) Immigration 1909 Canada; m. Edward Jones (1869 Lambeth). 2 children, Edward Henry and Alice Maud, no progeny
Residence 1901 Woolwich, London, Middlesex. Immigration 1909 Canada; Residence 1911 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
2. Henry King (1841, Camberwell, Surrey, d 1855 Kingston, Middlesex, Surrey)
3. Annie Louisa (1842 Camberwell, Surrey, d. Nov 29, 1878, Camberwell, Surrey; Burial Camberwell Old Cemetery,
4. Jane Harriet (1842 Camberwell, Surrey, d. 1918 Bromley, Kent
5. Herbert Stanley (1848, Camberwell, Surrey)
6. Howard Eustice (Feb 51851 Newington, Surrey; d 1888 Shoreditch, London) m. Emma Furnes (Jul 1850 Lambeth, London; Christening Jul 10, 1853 Stockwell, Surrey,
– Percy Howard (1875 Peckham, Camberwell, London; d. 1899 Holborn, London)
– Frederick Charles (1878 Camberwell, Surrey; d.1905 West Ham, Essex) m. Annie Louisa Jones (b. Dec 20, 1873)
– Augustus H (1881 London)
– Ethyl Gertrude (1885 Peckham, Camberwell, London) m. John Charles Ryan (1883, Islington, London). One child, Eileen Ethyl, no progeny
– Harriet Mary (1888 Clerkenwell, Middlesex, d. Jan 30, 1965, West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire) m. William Stanley Stenning (1888, Clerkenwell, Middlesex; d. Jan 30, 1965, West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire). One child, Stanley William Stenning, has no progeny.
7. Adino Cyril Devonshire “Adam” (1854-1931). 

I. 7. Adino Cyril Devonshire “Adam” (Jan 25, 1854, Lambeth, Surrey – June 9, 1931, Newhaven, Surrey, of bronchial pneumonia, cerebral arteriosclerosis) m. Julia Taverner (Oct 10, 1858 – Mar 31, 1935, of diabetes, family originally from Rye) Aug 1, 1882, at St Mark’s Church, Clerkenwell.
Residences: 1871 Rye, Rye, Sussex, on the south coast south of Dover)1891 Lewisham, London; 1901- 1911 Dagenham, Essex (east of London), Rye, Sussex.
Adino was a bank clerk employed by the Payne Smith Bank in London. This bank later amalgamated with the Bank of England. They lived at several places – Dartmouth, Ilford, “Sheepcotes”, Chadwell Heath, Dagenham (1901), District of Romford, Clacton-on-Sea (see below for information about “Sheepcotes”), and Hastings.
Adino and Julia lived at 10 The Esplanade, Seaford (west of Eastbourne, on the ocean), at the time of his death, where he is buried.  Julia was at 8 Freeland Road, Ealing, at the time of her death.  It appears that she lived with her daughter, Mary Priestley, at 71 Monks Drive, Acton, after Adino died.
1. Sibyl Catherine (1883 Dulwich, Surrey,– 1919) Residences: 1891 Lewisham, London; 1901-1911 Dagenham, Essex, England. She married Ernest Cocklyn (Mar 16, 1883, Middlesex, England; Immigration 1919 New York; d about 1953 Niagara Falls, Niagara, New York
Sibyl was a nursing sister during WWI, when she met Ernest Cocklyn, who was with the Canadian army. They lived in Canada, and she is buried in Oakwood Cemetery, Niagara Falls, NY. No children. The Strande family never heard from Ernest after Sybil died.
2. Wilfred Boughton (Bill) (1885 Dartford, Kent; d 1948 London) m Agnes Elizabeth Matthews (Cicely); Residences 1891 Lewisham, London; 1901, 1911 Dagenham, Essex. No children. Censor in Jamaica; died in London
3. Winifred Daisy (1888 – 1924) m Victor Rogers. They immigrated to Canada in 1922 and lived in Maple Creek, SK, where Vic had a second-hand store. Both Daisy and Josephine are buried at Maple Creek. Victor and Margaret returned to England in 1924, and the Strande family never heard from them again.
  – Josephine (1917 – 1924 diphtheria); died the day Daisy was buried
  – Margaret (1920 – )
4. Nancy (Aug 7, 1889 – Oct 3, 1968, 24 Dartford Road, Dartford, Kent) m Sven Strande (1884 – 1975)
Nancy came to Canada first time in Dec 1908 on the Sardinian to Halifax—second time, Sept 1913, on the Sicilian to Quebec City.
5. Lancelot Cyril (Harry) (Chadwell Heath, Dagenham, Feb 28, 1892 – 1968) m Emma Murrell (1895 – ) on June 28, 1919 at the St James Church (Parish Church) at Clacton-on-Sea, Essex.  Her father was John Henry Murrell. Both are buried at Point Claire, QC.
Harry (Lancelot Cyril) arrived shortly before Grandma Strande, who came in 1908, when he would only have been sixteen.  Harry worked on a farm in New Brunswick and served overseas with the Canadian army in WWI.  He married Emma Murrell in 1919 in England (at the time of their marriage, he lived at Rokeby, and she lived at The Dallow on St Vincent Road), and they returned to Canada, living in Winnipeg, where he worked at the Grain Exchange. He enlisted as a Group Captain in WWII and was stationed at Trenton, ON. 
– John (1921 – ) m Margaret – three children: Jan, David, Jock, John M. Ruth Smith lived in Kingston, ON
– Barbara (1924 – ) m Bob Simpson; lived in Dorval, QC – four children
6. Mary Julia (1894 – 1978) m Major Eric Priestley; lived in Bungay, Suffolk area (Bath Hills, Hallow Hill, Scudmore Place); employed by US Red Cross during WWI
– Anthony Cedric (Tony) (1930 – ) m Anna. There were twin boys who died at birth and a daughter, Dinah, who died in her infancy.

J. 4. Nancy (Aug 7, 1889, 24 Dartford Road, Dartford, Kent– Oct 3, 1968 Medicine Hat, Alberta) m Sven Strande (1884 Ringebu, Norway – 1975 Medicine Hat, Alberta); England. Came to Canada first in Dec 1908 on the Sardinian to Halifax—second time, Sept 1913, on the Sicilian to Quebec City) eventually ending up in Maple Creek, working as a nanny on the Charlie McCarthy ranch. m. Sven Strande (1884 – 1975).

Map showing all residences and churches of the Devonshires until the late 1800s. Initially, they lived in East London, the location of the gold business. Then, in the early 1800s, they moved across the river to Lambeth and south London.

 TAVENERS
The following is information on the Taverner ancestors. Julia Taverner was Grandma Strande’s mother:

William Taverner (~1820 – Bermondsey, Surrey – Oct 4, 1888[2]) married Catherine Pankhurst (~1825, East Guldeford, Sussex – Feb 28, 1883). They lived on East Street in Rye when Julia was born. Gravestones in Rye Cemetery: “In Loving Memory of Catherine, London map bigthe devoted wife of William Taverner of Rye, wool-stapler (a wool-stapler is a dealer in wool. The wool stapler buys wool from the producer, sorts and grades it, and sells it to manufacturers), who died Feb 28, 1883, aged 58 years, also of Grace, 13^th and youngest child, who died July 16, 1867, aged 5 months, also in memory of the above-named William Taverner who died Oct 4, 1888, aged 67 years”.
1. George M. May
  2. Louise (original owner of the turquoise ring Michelle Perrier-Martinen now has)
  3. Edward and Winnie
  4. Frederick
  5. Clare m Robert Richardson – two children: Phyllis, Patrick
  6. Emma m twice (first husband’s name not known) T Porter – three children: Roy, Gay, Sylvia
  7. *Julia (Oct 10, 1858 – Mar 31, 1935) m Cyril Devonshire (Jan 25, 1854 – June 9, 1931); Grandma Strande’s parents
  8, Marion M. Albany Clark – five children: Olive, Leslie, Dilys, Connie, Avis (nun?)

“Sheepcotes”, Billet Road, Marks Gate in the area of Barking and Dagenham, England, where Adino and Julia once lived, was located under one quarter of a mile from the junction of Billet Lane and Whalebone Lane North on the left-hand side of Billet Lane.  The site of the house was first mentioned in 1456 as “The sheepcote of Inhalt”.  From 1769 to 1821, the building was known as the Sheep Cot. A tenant in 1771 was John Hubbard of Barking, a mariner.  In 1818, the Dagenham Vestry refused to renew its license because trade (selling less than three gallons of liquor per week) was insufficient to support a family (the Joseph Palmer family); hence, it was a burden to the Parish.  The house was demolished after extensive damage from an enemy bomb in 1940. The site is now part of a local authority housing estate.  On the opposite side of Billet Lane is open farmland. It appears that Adino Cyril Devonshire (Grandma Strande’s father) moved into the house after it was vacated on November 28, 1898, and left on either May 6, 1913 or July 7, 1913.
In the same area was Hainault Forest School (now The Oaks Centre), which was attended by Lancelot Cyril (Harry) Devonshire, who in June 1900 was awarded “The Church Catechism” for religious knowledge.  The new Hainault Forest School is on Harbour Road, Hainault, Ilford, Essex, England. Lancelot was Grandma (Nancy) Strande’s brother; hence, she likely also went to this school.

[1] London Times, Monday, August 7, 1882, listing under marriages – “On the 1^st of Aug., at the parish church, Rye, Sussex, by the Rev. Davis Lamb. ADINO CYRIL DEVONSHIRE, youngest son of the late Edward Devonshire, to JULIA, fourth daughter of WILLIAM TAVERNER, of Rye, Sussex”.

DEVONSHIRES – Historical Connections

Thomas Devonshire (#2) was christened in this church in 1642.
Church of St Andrew, Holborn, is a Church of England church on the northwestern edge of the City of London, on Holborn within the Ward of Farringdon Without. The first written record of the church is 951 in a charter of Westminster Abbey, referring to it as the “old wooden church”, on top of the hill above the river Fleet.
In the Early Middle Ages, the church was referred to as St Andrew Holburnestrate and later simply as St Andrew de Holeburn.
“In 1348, John Thavie, a local armourer, “left a considerable Estate towards the support of the fabric forever”, a legacy which survived the English Reformation, was invested carefully through the centuries, and still provides for the church’s current upkeep. In the 15th century, the wooden church was replaced by a medieval stone one. On 8 July 1563, during a severe storm, the steeple of the church was struck and badly damaged by lightning.
The medieval St Andrew’s survived the 1666 Great Fire of London, saved by a last-minute change in wind direction, but was already in a bad state of repair and so was rebuilt by Christopher Wren anyway. In what is his largest parish church, he rebuilt from the foundations (creating the present crypt) and gave the existing medieval stone tower (the only medieval part to survive) a marble cladding.

Thomas Devonshire (#3) was christened in this church in 1664
St Clement Danes is an Anglican church in the City of Westminster, London. It is now situated near the 19th-century Royal Courts of Justice on the Strand in Aldwych. Although the first church on the site was reputedly founded in the 9th century by the Danes, the current building replaced the medieval church building and was completed in 1682 by celebrated architect Sir Christopher Wren. Wren’s building was gutted by Luftwaffe bombing raids during the Blitz and not restored until 1958, when it was adapted to its current function as the central church of the Royal Air Force.
Connection to the Danes. Being a seafaring people, the Danes named the church they built after St Clement, patron saint of mariners. The 12th-century historian William of Malmesbury wrote that the Danes burnt the church on the site of St Clement Danes before they were later slain in the vicinity.
The church was first rebuilt by William the Conqueror, and then again later in the Middle Ages. A new chancel was built over part of the churchyard in 1608, at a cost of more than £1,000.
Shortly after the Great Fire of 1666, the tower was rebuilt from the foundations, and then the church was in such a poor state that it too should be completely rebuilt by Christopher Wren.

Where Thomas’ wife, Mary Archer is from and where several of their children were born.
Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire, is a small village close to the county town of Hertford. It was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086. The population of the civil parish as of the 2021 census was 689.
The village straddles the River Mimram, on which was built a water mill in the 18th century. It is situated within the Castle ward of Hertford Town Council, the London metropolitan green belt and is a named conservation area of East Herts District Council.
St. Mary’s Church is situated on rising ground to the east of the village, overlooking the water meadows that lead down to the River Mimram. A church seems to have stood on this spot as early as the 13th century.
Both Hertingfordbury Park, the former residence of the Cowper family, and St Joseph’s in the Park, a private primary school, stand to the east of St. Mary’s. Houses in the village include “Epcombs”, a Georgian brick house and “Amores”, which stands in a triangle in the centre of the village and is over 500 years old. A little to the south of the main village is “Roxford House” on St. Mary’s Lane, where Austrian composer Joseph Haydn stayed for the summer of 1791. The White Horse is a 15th-century Georgian-fronted building that, in the past, was a staging post for the Reading to Cambridge coach. To the north-east of the church is the Old Rectory, formerly home of the Addis family, descendants of William Addis, inventor of the first mass-produced toothbrush. There was an Addis brush factory in Hertford from 1920 to the 1990s.

Where Thomas’s last son was christened in 1706.
St Giles-without-Cripplegate is an Anglican church located on Fore Street within the modern Barbican complex. When built, it stood without (that is, outside) the city wall, near the Cripplegate. The church is dedicated to St Giles, patron saint of handicapped and infirm people of many different kinds. It is one of the few medieval churches left in the City of London, having survived the Great Fire of 1666.
There had been a Saxon church on the site in the 11th century , but by 1090 it had been replaced by a Norman one. In 1394, it was rebuilt in the perpendicular Gothic style during the reign of Richard II. The stone tower was added in 1682.
The church has been badly damaged by fire on three occasions: In 1545, in 1897 and during an air raid of the Blitz of the Second World War.

Stepney is an area in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in the East End of London. Stepney is no longer officially defined and is usually used to refer to a relatively small area. However, for much of its history, the place name was applied to a much larger manor and parish, which covered most of the inner East End.

Where Israel Josiah (D) was born in 1688, and his first two children (twins) were christened in 1716.
St Mary Matfelon church, popularly known as St Mary’s, Whitechapel, was a Catholic then after the English Reformation, a Church of England parish church on Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel, London (in the county of Middlesex until 1889). It is repeatedly supposed by many works and oral histories that the church was covered in a lime whitewash, which gave the chapelry (district) its common name, Whitechapel. Around 1320, it became known as St Mary Matfelon. About that time, it became a parish in its own right,
A building going by this name or its aliases stood for at least 670 years until its last form was demolished in 1952. This was the second-oldest church in Stepney after St Dunstan’s, Stepney.
By 1673, the historic definition of the parish of Stepney was divided into nine separate parishes. The third documented iteration of the church was built on the site largely at the expense of Octavius Coope MP; it was opened and re-consecrated on 2 February 1877.
On 26 August 1880, a fire devastated the church, leaving its thin tower, vestry and church rooms intact. It was rebuilt and opened once more on 1 December 1882, this time with a capacity for 1,600 worshippers and including an external pulpit for sermons, some of which were given in Yiddish.
The church’s prominent position on the westerly junction of Whitechapel Road made it a landmark, and it became the name of the area.

Where Israel Josiah’s last three children were christened in 1723-28.
St Dunstan’s, Stepney, is an Anglican church located in Stepney High Street, Stepney, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The church is believed to have been founded, or re-founded, in AD 952 by St Dunstan, the patron saint of bell ringers, metalworkers and Stepney.
The church is known as “The Mother Church of the East End” as the parish covered most of what would become inner East London, before population growth led to the creation of a large number of daughter parishes.
A daughter-parish was Whitechapel in the fourteenth century, and others followed.
Stepney’s close historic links to seaborne trade have led to the church being known as the Church of the High Seas for registration of births at sea.
The existing building is the third on the site and was built of Kentish ragstone mainly in the fifteenth century.
As befitting a church dedicated to the patron saint of bell ringers and bellfounders, a ring of ten bells, tuned to C#, hangs in the belfry. St Dunstan is recorded as experimenting with casting bells in his own foundry. The Stepney bells were cast at the local Whitechapel Bell Foundry founded in 1570. Until its closure in 2017, the foundry was the last major survivor of an East End metalworking heritage going back to at least the 1300s.
The church is surrounded by a churchyard of nearly seven acres (28,000 m2). Around 1665, the churchyard was enlarged to cope with the massive number of deaths during the Great Plague of London. In one eighteen-month period, 6,583 died, with 154 being buried in one day in September 1665.
The church has a long, traditional link with the sea, and many sailors were buried here.
The church continues to be open to visitors and worshippers from all over the world.

Where Thomas (E) was born.
Mile End is an area in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is in East London and part of the East End. It is 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of Charing Cross. Situated on the part of the London-to-Colchester road called Mile End Road, it was one of the earliest suburbs of London.
It was also known as Mile End Old Town; the name provides a geographical distinction from the unconnected former hamlet called Mile End New Town. In 2011, Mile End had a population of 28,544.
Mile End is recorded in 1288 as La Mile ende. It is formed from the Middle English ‘mile’ and ‘ende’ and means ‘the hamlet a mile away’. The mile distance was from Aldgate in the City of London, reached by the London-to-Colchester road. In around 1691, Mile End became known as Mile End Old Town, because a new unconnected settlement to the west and adjacent to Spitalfields had become known as Mile End New Town. The road, which has existed since at least Roman times, once forded the river at Old Ford in northern Bow. It moved to its present-day alignment after the foundation of Bow Bridge in 1110. The new bridge was around 900 metres (0.56 miles) south-east of the ford, requiring a new alignment to be established.
The area running alongside Mile End Road was known as Mile End Green, a large open common which became known as a place of assembly for Londoners, as reflected in the name of Assembly Passage, a short road 470 meters (0.29 miles) west of the Stepney Green tube station.
Speculative developments existed by the end of the 16th century and continued throughout the 18th century. It developed as an area of working and lower-class housing, often occupied by immigrants and migrants new to the city.

Where Thomas lived when his first two children were born in 1746-47.
Jerusalem Passage.
Jerusalem Passage was originally a path to the Clerkenwell Priory that dominated the area and was home to the Monastic Order of the Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem, which was demolished in 1780, together with the postern gate at its south end. It is now a pedestrian passage from St John’s Square to Aylesbury Street and Clerkenwell Green.
The east side has no buildings of its own. It is the backs or sides of buildings in other streets. The interesting buildings are all on the west side of the passage, beginning with No. 8 Jerusalem Passage, which is a Georgian or early Victorian house converted into offices. I don’t know the date of construction.
Running between a couple of the monastery buildings was a covered passage known as the “long entry,” and following the dissolution, when the land was sold off, the old passageway was reused as a public route, which it remains to this day.
Slowly developed, by the 1780s, the passageway was lined on both sides by shops on the ground floor and flats above. Although this passageway is linked with the priory, the name is indirect, as it comes instead from an old pub that stood on the corner, the St. John of Jerusalem.
Jerusalem Passage used to be narrower, but when the buildings on the eastern side, on top of the old Bishops Court, were cleared in 1912, the passage was widened slightly in 1915 as part of the rebuilding work. A building at the northern end of the passage, which blocked off about half the width, was demolished between the 1890s-1940s.
Something that does survive at the northern end is a green plaque where “Thomas Britton (1644-1714) the musical coalman” once lived.
Although Britton started as a coal merchant in London, he had a fine singing voice, and his income from coal and his fame from singing meant he was able to build up his own library and became well known to literary sorts of the time. In 1678, he turned the loft of his house into a small concert hall, which turned out to be very popular, and even Handel turned up to perform at times. He died in 1714 and was buried in the nearby St James’s Church.
There also used to be a Jerusalem Tavern in the passageway, but it closed in the 1790s, possibly related to the rebuilding of the passageway from small homes into shops and flats.
Neither of them has anything to do with the Jerusalem Tavern a few streets away, as that pub didn’t open until 1992.

Where some of Thomas’ children were christened, including John (F) in 1753.
St James Church, Clerkenwell, is an Anglican parish church in Clerkenwell, London, England.
Old Church of St James: 1540–1788. In 1596, the playwright George Peele was buried in the church. In 1623, the steeple fell twice but was eventually successfully rebuilt. Pocahontas and John Rolfe’s son, Thomas Rolfe, married Elizabeth Washington here in September 1632. They had a daughter named Anne a year later. Elizabeth died shortly after Anne’s birth. Two years later, he returned to Jamestown, Virginia, leaving his daughter with his cousin, Anthony Rolfe.
New Church of St James: 1792–present
By 1788, the old church, which was a medley of seventeenth and eighteenth century sections in various styles grafted onto the remains of the medieval nunnery church, presented an appearance of picturesque and dilapidated muddle. In that year, an act of Parliament was passed for the rebuilding of the church.


Saint Vedast Foster Lane, a church in Foster Lane, is dedicated to St. Vedast (Foster is an Anglicization of the name “Vaast”, as the saint is known in continental Europe), a French saint whose cult arrived in England through contacts with Augustinian clergy.
The original church of St Vedast was founded before 1308 and was extensively repaired by 1662.
Although the church was not destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, it was so badly damaged that it was included in the list of 50 or so churches that required reconstruction by the office of Sir Christopher Wren. The main part of the church was rebuilt 1670–1673 on the old walls for £1,853. Some parts of the medieval fabric were incorporated, most noticeably the south wall, which was revealed by restoration in 1992–93.
The tower, on the other hand, survived in its original state until 1694 when it was pulled down, and a new one was erected (possibly on its medieval lower stages) in 1695–98. The three-tier spire, considered one of the most baroque of all the City spires, was added in 1709–12 for £2,958,

Where John Devonshire had his funeral.
St Andrew Holborn was an ancient English parish that, until 1767 was partly in the City of London and mainly in the county of Middlesex.

Where John baptized his children in 1787
St. Luke, Finsbury,
In 1900, the lower tier was reorganised into metropolitan boroughs, two of which were called Islington and Finsbury, the latter covering the combined area of the parishes of Clerkenwell, St Luke and St Sepulchre

Clerkenwell is an area of central London, England. Clerkenwell was an ancient parish from the medieval period onwards, and now forms the south-western part of the London Borough of Islington.
The Church of St James in Clerkenwell Close and nearby Clerkenwell Green sit at the centre of Clerkenwell. Located on the edge of the City of London, it was the home of the Priory of St John and the site of several wells and spas, including Sadler’s Wells and Spa Green.
The watchmaking and watch repairing trades were once of great importance, particularly in the area around Northampton Square.
The Monastic Order of the Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem had its English headquarters at the Priory of Clerkenwell. (The Blessed Gerard founded the Order to provide medical assistance during the crusades.) St John’s Gate (built by Sir Thomas Docwra in 1504) survives in the rebuilt form of the Priory Gate.
Adjoining the priory was St Mary’s nunnery of the Benedictine order, now entirely disappeared, and St James’s Church, rebuilt in 1792 on the site of the original church, which was partly of Norman provenance.
The construction of the New River between 1604 and 1613 resulted in the creation of the New River Head in Clerkenwell, on what is now Rosebery Avenue. The New River was constructed to supply London with fresh drinking water from Hertfordshire,
Notoriety. As it was a suburb beyond the confines of the London Wall, Clerkenwell was outside the jurisdiction of the somewhat puritanical City fathers. Consequently, “base tenements and houses of unlawful and disorderly resort” sprang up, with a “great number of dissolute, loose, and insolent people harboured in such and the like noisome and disorderly houses, as namely poor cottages, and habitations of beggars and people without trade, stables, inns, alehouses, taverns, garden-houses converted to dwellings, ordinaries, dicing houses, bowling alleys, and brothel houses”.
During the Elizabethan era, Clerkenwell contained a notorious brothel quarter. Turnmill Street, “the most disreputable street in London, a haunt of thieves and loose women”.
Clerkenwell was also the location of three prisons: the Clerkenwell Bridewell, Coldbath Fields Prison (later Clerkenwell Gaol) and the New Prison.
The Industrial Revolution changed the area greatly. It became a centre for breweries, distilleries and the printing industry. It gained a especial reputation for the making of clocks, marine chronometers and watches, which once employed many people from around the area.
Clerkenwell Green lies at the centre of the old village, by the church, and has a mixture of housing, offices and pubs, dominated by the imposing former Middlesex Sessions House. It was built in 1782, extended during the Victorian era,
Hockley-in-the-Hole was an area of Clerkenwell Green where bull-baiting, bear-baiting and similar activities occurred in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Clerkenwell Green has historically been associated with radicalism, from the Lollards in the 16th century.
The story of parish churches in Clerkenwell (which is part of Finsbury) is a complex one. Although St James, Clerkenwell Close, became a parish church in Finsbury, as the population increased locally, another church was needed.
The church was built 1727-33, under the Fifty New Churches Act, intended to provide 50 new churches in and around Central London. With time, the money laid aside was not sufficient to build so many churches and only 12 were finally built – some on new sites and some rebuilt on ancient sites. St Luke was one of the new churches on a new site.
By 1959, the building was still in use as a place of worship. Owing to subsidence, it was closed and was never again reopened as a place of worship. The building remained closed and unused for about 40 years, and its state became worse as time went by. Money was eventually found to repair it, and in 2003, it became a music centre, operated by the London Symphony Orchestra and known as LSO St Luke’s.
Now Clerkenwell is popular with creative firms and dotted with smart apartment blocks in converted warehouses. Clerkenwell is home to cutting-edge restaurants and cozy gastropubs, plus historic pubs, sleek bars, and nightclubs. Hip cafes and indie shops line car-free Exmouth Market, which has a twice-weekly street-food market. Leather Lane Market has food stalls catering to local office workers, as well as clothes and produce.

Where David Devonshire was christened in 1828
St Bride’s Church is a Church of England church in Fleet Street. The building’s most recent incarnation was designed by Sir Christopher Wren in 1672, though Wren’s original building was largely gutted by fire during the London Blitz in 1940 and was then faithfully reconstructed in the 1950s. Due to its location in Fleet Street, it has a long association with journalists and newspapers. With its steeple standing 226 feet (69m) tall, it is the second-highest of all Wren’s church spires, with only St Paul’s itself having a higher pinnacle.
St Bride’s may be one of the most ancient churches in London, with worship perhaps dating back to the conversion of the Middle Saxons in the 7th century. The present St Bride’s is at least the seventh church to have stood on the site. The Norman church, built in the 11th century, was of both religious and secular significance; in 1210, King John held a parliament there. It was replaced by a larger church in the 15th century. St Bride’s association with the newspaper business began in 1500, when Wynkyn de Worde set up a printing press next door. Until 1695, London was the only city in England where printing was permitted by law.
In the mid-17th century, disaster struck. In 1665, the Great Plague of London killed 238 parishioners in a single week, and in 1666, the following year, the church was destroyed during the Great Fire of London, which burned much of the city. After the fire, the old church was replaced by an entirely new building designed by Sir Christopher Wren, one of his largest and most expensive works, taking seven years to build.
St Bride’s was reopened on 19 December 1675. The famous spire was added later, in 1701–1703. It originally measured 234 ft.
The wedding cake is said to date back to 1703 when Thomas Rich, a baker’s apprentice from Ludgate Hill, fell in love with the daughter of his employer and asked her to marry him. He wanted to make an extravagant cake and drew on the design of St Bride’s Church for inspiration.

Where Edward (H) was christened in 1810
St Mary, Newington. The ancient parish, dedicated to St Mary, was in the Diocese of Winchester until 1877, then the Diocese of Rochester until 1905, since when it has been in the Diocese of Southwark. From 1826, as the population of Newington increased, ten new parishes were formed In Lambeth

Lambeth is a district in South London, itself an ancient parish in the county of Surrey. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Charing Cross, across the river from Westminster Palace. The population of the London Borough of Lambeth was 303,086 in 2011. The area experienced some slight growth in the medieval period as part of the manor of Lambeth Palace. By the Victorian era, the area had seen significant development as London expanded, with dense industrial, commercial and residential buildings located adjacent to one another.
The origins of the name of Lambeth come from 1062 as Lambehitha, meaning ‘landing place for lambs’, and in 1255 as Lambeth.
Lambeth Palace lies opposite the southern section of the Palace of Westminster on the Thames. The two were historically linked by a horse ferry across the river. In fact, Lambeth could only be crossed by the left bank by ferry or fords until 1750. With the opening of Westminster Bridge in 1750, followed by the Blackfriars Bridge, Vauxhall Bridge and Lambeth Bridge itself, several major thoroughfares were developed through Lambeth, such as Westminster Bridge Road, Kennington Road and Camberwell New Road. Until the 18th century, Lambeth was sparsely populated and still rural in nature, being outside the boundaries of central London, although it had experienced growth in the form of taverns and entertainment venues, such as theatres and Bear pits (being outside inner city regulations). The subsequent growth in road and marine transport, along with the development of industry in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, brought great change to the area.
Early modern. The area grew with an ever-increasing population at this time, many of whom were poor. As a result, Lambeth opened a parish workhouse in 1726. Between 1801 and 1831, the population of Lambeth trebled, and in ten years alone between 1831 and 1841, it increased from 87,856 to 105,883. The railway first came to Lambeth in the 1840s, as construction began, which extended the London and South Western Railway from its original station at Nine Elms to the new terminus at London Waterloo via the newly constructed Nine Elms to Waterloo Viaduct. With the massive urban development of London in the 19th century and with the opening of the large Waterloo railway station in 1848, the locality around the station and Lower Marsh became known as Waterloo, becoming an area distinct from Lambeth itself.
The Lambeth Ragged School was built in 1851 to help educate the children of destitute families, although the widening of the London and South Western Railway.

St. David’s, Breconshire, Wales, is a parish and church located in the area of Brecon, specifically within the historic county of Brecknockshire.

Bevis Marks Synagogue is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located off Bevis Marks, Aldgate, London. The congregation is affiliated with London’s historic Spanish and Portuguese Jewish community and worships in the Sephardic rite.
Built in 1701, it is the oldest synagogue in the United Kingdom in continuous use. It is the only synagogue building in Europe that has continuously held regular services for more than 320 years.
The origins of the community date from an influx to London of crypto-Jews, or so-called Marranos, from Spain and Portugal, mostly via the growing Sephardi Jewish community in Amsterdam, in the early seventeenth century. These Jews began practising their religion openly once it became possible to do so through Jewish resettlement in England under the rule of Oliver Cromwell in 1656.
Services at a small synagogue in Creechurch Lane began in 1657, and the congregation also secured land for its own cemetery in Mile End (the Velho Sephardic Cemetery). The congregation was “Spanish and Portuguese Jews”.
A considerable influx of Jews made it necessary to obtain more commodious quarters. António Gomes Serra, Menasseh Mendes, Isaac Israel de Sequeira alias Alfonso Rodrigues, Manuel Nunez Miranda, Andrea Lopez, and Pontaleão Rodriguez were in charge.
The interior decor and furnishing, and layout of the synagogue reflect the influence of the great Portuguese Synagogue of Amsterdam of 1675. The essential original structure of the building thus remains today.
In 1747, members of the congregation were Gabriel Lopez de Britto, David Aboab Ozorio, Moses Gomes Serra, David Franco, Joseph Jessurun Rodriguez, and Moses Mendes da Costa.
The community saw a significant influx of crypto-Jews from Portugal fleeing the Inquisition during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Marriage and circumcision records record couples as “Vindos de Portugal”, or more rarely “Vindos de Espanha”, for the purpose of reconsecrating their vows now that they were free to practice Judaism openly or undertake an adult circumcision. Alongside migration from Sephardi centres such as Amsterdam and Livorno, there was a steady influx of refugees from Portugal up until around 1735, after which it diminished, with some of the last recorded arrivals from Portugal as late as 1790. As a result of this migration, the sermon at Bevis Marks took place in Portuguese until as late as 1833 when they switched to English.
Influence. For Sephardic Jews, the Bevis Marks Synagogue was a religious centre of the Anglo-Jewish world for more than a century, and served as a clearing-house for congregational and individual Jewish problems all over the world. These included the appeal of Jews in Jamaica for a reduction in taxation (1736), the internecine quarrel among Jews in Barbados (1753), and the aiding of seven-year-old Moses de Paz, who escaped from Gibraltar in 1777 to avoid a forced conversion to Christianity. The congregation came to the aid of the Jewish community in Ireland by donating funds to build a wall around the Ballybough Cemetery and providing an agent to oversee the works. The deeds for the cemetery were then lodged at Bevis Marks Synagogue. Rabbis included Daniel Nieto (1654–1728), Benjamin Artom (1835–1879), Abraham Haliva (Halua) (1791-1853) and Moses Gaster (1856–1939). Amongst other notable members of the synagogue’s congregation have been author and educator Miriam Mendes Belisario, the boxer Daniel Mendoza, and Isaac D’Israeli (father of Benjamin Disraeli), who resigned from the congregation after an argument over synagogue fees.